Vetiver Bibliographical Information

The following bibliography is divided into six topical areas:

Primary References on the Vetiver System;
General References on Vetiver;
Soil and Water Management;
Genetics, Breeding, Chemistry;
Botany, Agronomy, Ecology, Floras;
Miscellaneous, Obscure, Obsolete.

There is a rapidly growing body of literature on vetiver and the grass-hedge concept. Our ultimate goal is to have references for all published information on vetiver and the uses of vetiver-grass hedges. Readers are invited to submit additions or corrections to the Vetiver Network. We hope to annotate this bibliography (and create a library), so we always appreciate new hardcopy.


PRIMARY REFERENCES ON THE VETIVER SYSTEM
Greenfield, J.C. 1989. Vetiver Grass (Vetiveria spp.): The Ideal Plant for Vegetative Soil and Moisture Conservation. Asia Technical Department, Agriculture Division, The World Bank, Washington.

Grimshaw, R.G. 1994. The Role of Vetiver Grass in Sustaining Agricultural Productivity. Asia Technical Department, The World Bank, Washington. {CK citation}

National Research Council. 1993. Vetiver Grass: A Thin Green Line Against Erosion. National Academy Press, Washington.

World Bank. 1993. Vetiver Grass: The Hedge Against Erosion. 4th ed. The World Bank, Washington.

Yoon, P.K. 1992. The Use of Vegetative Conservation for Embankment Stabilisation in Bangladesh. The World Bank, Washington.

Yoon, P.K. 1993. A Look See at Vetiver in Malaysia: A Second Progress Report. Asia Technical Department, The World Bank, Washington.

GENERAL REFERENCES ON VETIVER

Arctander, S. 1960. Vetiver. Columns 649-653 in Perfume and Flavour Materials of Natural Origin. Elizabeth, New Jersey. Published by the author; printed by Det Hoffensbergske Etablissement, Denmark.

Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR). 1976. Vetiveria. Pages 451-457 in The Wealth of India, Vol. X. Publications & Information Directorate, CSIR, New Delhi.

Kammathy, R.V. 1968. Anatomy of Vetiveria zizanioides (L.) Nash. Bulletin of the Botanical Survey of India 10(3&4):283-285.

Virmani, O.P. and S.C. Data. 1975. Vetiveria zizanioides (Linn.) Nash. Indian Perfumer 19:35-73.

SOIL AND WATER MANAGEMENT

Bharad, G.M. and B.C. Bathkal. 1990. Role of vetiver grass in soil and moisture conservation. In Proceedings of The Colloquium on the Use of Vetiver for Sediment Control. April 25, 1990. Watershed Management Directorate, Dehra Dun, India.

Doolette, J., and W.B. Magrath. 1990. A Strategy for Watershed Development in Asia. Asia Technical Department, The World Bank, Washington.

Greenfield, J.C. 1987. Vetiver Grass (Vetiveria zizanioides). A Method of Soil and Moisture Conservation. 1st ed. The World Bank, New Delhi.

Greenfield, J.C. 1988. Vetiver Grass (Vetiveria zizanioides). A Method of Soil and Moisture Conservation. 2nd ed. The World Bank, New Delhi.

Greenfield, J.C. 1989. Novel grass provides hedge against erosion. VITA News July:14-15.

Grimshaw, R.G. 1989. New approaches to soil conservation. Rainfed Agriculture in Asia and the Pacific 1(1):67-75.

Grimshaw, R.G. 1991. The establishment of Vetiveria zizanioides in low rainfall areas. Desertified Grasslands: Their Biology and Management. Linnean Society Symposium Series, London.

Grimshaw, R.G. 1993. Soil and Moisture Conservation in Central America, Vetiver Grass Technology. Observations from visits to Panama, Costa Rica, Nicaragua, El Salvador, Honduras, and Guatemala, July 4 -16 1993. Asia Technical Department, The World Bank, Washington.

Grimshaw, R.G., C.J. Perry, and J.W. Smyle. 1993. Technical Considerations for Sustainable Agriculture. Asia Technical Department, The World Bank, Washington.

Kerr, J.M. 1993. Economics of Soil and Water Conservation. Annual Report, 1992. Resource Management Program, International Crops Research Institute for Semi-Arid Tropics, Patancheru, Andhra Pradesh 502 234, India.

Ly Tung, and F.T. Balina. 1993. A methodological account of the introduction of vetiver grass (Vetiveria zizanioides) to improve an indigenous technology for soil and water conservation. Contour 5(1):{pp?}.

Magrath, W.B. 1990. Economic analysis of off-farm soil conservation structures. Pages in 71-96 in Watershed Development in Asia. Technical Paper No. 27, The World Bank, Washington.

National Research Council. 1993. Vetiver Grass: A Thin Green Line Against Erosion. National Academy Press, Washington.

Rao. K.P.C., A.L. Cogle, and K.L. Srivastava. 1992. Conservation Effects of Porous and Vegetative Barriers. Annual Report 1991. Resource Management Program, International Crops Research Institute for Semi-Arid Tropics, Patancheru.

Rao. K.P.C., Cogle, A.L., and K.L. Srivastava. 1993. Conservation Effects of Porous and Vegetative Barriers. Annual Report 1992. Resource Management Program, International Crops Research Institute for Semi-Arid Tropics, Patancheru.

Sivamohan, M.V.K., Scott, C.A., and M.F.Walter. 1993. Vetiver grass for soil and water conservation: prospects and problems. In D. Pimentel, ed., World Soil Erosion and Conservation. Cambridge Studies in Applied Ecology and Resource Management.

Smyle, J.W. and W.B. Magrath. 1990. Vetiver grass--a hedge against erosion. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Society of Agronomy, October 2, 1990, San Antonio, Texas.

Sobti, S.N. and B.L. Rao. 1977. Cultivation and scope of improvement in vetiver. Pages 319-323 in C.K. Atal and B.M. Kapur, eds., Cultivation and Utilization of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants. Regional Research Laboratory, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research, Jammu-Tawi, India.

Subramanya, S. and K.N.R. Sastry. 1989. Indigenous Knowledge about the Use of Vetiveria zizanioides for Conserving Soil and Moisture. Unpublished paper, State Watershed Development (SWDC), Podium Block, Visveswaraiah Centre, Bangalore 560 001, India.

Subramanya, S. and K.N.R. Sastry. 1990. Indian peasants have long used vetiver grass. ILEIA Newsletter March:26.

World Bank. 1993. Vetiver Grass: The Hedge Against Erosion. 4th ed. The World Bank, Washington.

Yoon, P.K. 1991. A Look-See at Vetiver Grass in Malaysia: First Progress Report. Asia Technical Department, The World Bank, Washington.

�Yoon, P.K. 1992. The Use of Vegetative Conservation for Embankment Stabilisation in Bangladesh. The World Bank, Washington.

Yoon, P.K. 1993. A Look See at Vetiver in Malaysia: A Second Progress Report. Asia Technical Department, The World Bank, Washington.

York, P.A. 1993. Is there a role for vetiver grass on tobacco farms. Zimbabwe Tobacco Association Magazine 2(6)(June).

Yudelman, M., J.C. Greenfield, and W.B.Magrath. 1990. New Vegetative Approaches to Soil and Moisture Conservation. World Wildlife Fund, The Conservation Foundation, Washington.

GENETICS, BREEDING, CHEMISTRY

Andersen, N.H. 1970. Biogenetic implications of the antipodal sesquiterpenes of vetiver oil. Phytochemistry 9:145-151.

Arctander, S. 1960. Vetiver. Columns 649-653 in Perfume and Flavour Materials of Natural Origin. Elizabeth, New Jersey. Published by the author; printed by Det Hoffensbergske Etablissement, Denmark.

Audichya et al. 1971. [Title?] Indian Journal of Chemistry 9:188. {citation incomplete; TK}

Bajpai, P.N., I. Singh, L.P. Tiwari, O.P. Chaturvedi, and J.P. Singh. n.d. Varietal performance of khus (Vetiveria zizanioides Stapf.). The Punjab Horticultural Journal n.v.:208-211.

Bhatwadekar, S.V., P.R. Pednekar, and K.K. Chakravarti. 1982. A survey of sesquiterpenoids of vetiver oil. Pages 412-426 in C.K. Atal & B.M. Kapur, eds., Cultivation and Utilization of Aromatic Plants. Regional Research Laboratory, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research, Jammu-Tawi, India.

Burk, L.A. and M.D. Soffer. 1971. Stereospecific total synthesis of (-)-Y2-Cadinene. Tetrahedron Letters 46:4367-4370.

Celarier, R.P. 1959. Cytotaxonomy of the Andropogoneae IV. Subtribe Sorgheae. Cytologia 24:285-303.

Gupta, R.S., K.C. Trivedi, S. Verma, and S.K. Gangrade. 1983. Vetiver hybrid clones. Perfumer & Flavorist 8(June):41-43.

International Trade Centre. 1986. Essential oils and oleoresins: a study of selected producers and major markets. International Trade Centre UNCTAD/GATT, Geneva.

Kirtany, J.K. and S.K. Paknikan. 1971. North Indian vetiver oils: comments on chemical composition and botanical origin. Science and Culture 37(August):395-396.

Kresovich, Lamboy, Li Ruang, Jianping, Szewc-McFadden and Bliek. 1993. Application of Molecular Diagnostics for Discrimination of Accessions and Clones of Vetiver Grass. {citation incomplete; TK}

Kumar, S. 1962. Studies on Morphological and Genetic Variability in Vetiveria zizanioides (Linn.) Nash. Masters Thesis, Post Graduate School, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi.

Lavania, U.C. 1985. Nuclear DNA and karyomorphological studies in vetiver (Vetiveria zizanioides L.) Nash. Cytologia 50:177-185.

Manzoor-i-Khuda, M., M.O. Faruq, M. Rahman, M. Yusuf, M.A. Wahab, and J. Chowdhury. 1984. Studies on the essential oil bearing plants of Bangladesh. Part 1. A preliminary survey of some indigenous varieties. Bangladesh Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research XIX(1-4):151-169.

Marinho de Moura, R., E.M. de Oliveira R�gis, and A. Marinho de Moura. 1990. Rea��es de dez esp�cies de plantas, algumas produtoras de �leos essenciais, em rela��o ao parasitismo de Meloidogyne incognita ra�a 1 e M. javanica, em popula��o mista. Nematologia Brasileira 14:39-44.

Murti, K.S. and C.R. Moosad. 1949. South Indian vetiver root study. American Perfume and Essential Oil Record 54:113-115.

Nair, E.V.G., N.P. Channamma, and R.P. Kumari. 1982. Review of the work done on vetiver (Vetiveria zizanioides Linn.) at the Lemongrass Research Station, Odakkali. Pages 427-430 in C.K. Atal and B.M. Kapur, eds., Cultivation and Utilization of Aromatic Plants. Regional Research Laboratory, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Jammu-Tawi, India.

Nair, E.V.G., K.C. Rajan, N.P. Chinnamma, and A. Kurian. 1983. Screening of different vetiver hybrids under Kerala conditions. Indian Perfumer 27(2):88-90.

Punia, M.S., P.K. Verma, and G.D. Sharma. 1989. Heritability estimates and performance of vetiver (Vetiveria zizanioides) hybrids. Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 59(1):71-72.

Ramanujam, S. and S. Kumar. 1963. Correlation studies in two populations of Vetiveria. Indian Journal of Genetics & Plant Breeding 23(1)(March):82-89.

Ramanujam, S. and S. Kumar. 1963. Irregular meiosis associated with pollen sterility in Vetiveria zizanioides (Linn.) Nash. Cytologia 28:242-247.

Ramanujam, S. and S. Kumar. 1963. Multiple criteria selection in vetiver. Indian Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding 23(July):176- 184.

Ramanujam, S. and S. Kumar. 1963. Preliminary studies on the mode of reproduction of Vetiveria zizanioides (Linn.) Nash. Proceedings of the Indian Science Congress 50th session, Agriculture Section, Delhi ["In press, 1963"].

Ramanujam, S. and S. Kumar. 1964. Metroglyph analysis of geographic complexes in Indian vetiver. Indian Journal of Genetics & Plant Breeding 24:144-150.

Robbins, S.R.J. 1982. Selected Markets for the Essential Oils of Patchouli and Vetiver. Paper G167. Tropical Products Institute, London.

Sethi, K.L. and R. Gupta. 1980. Breeding for high essential oil content in khas (Vetiveria zizanioides) roots. Indian Perfumer 24(2):72-78.

Sethi, K.L. 1982. Breeding and cultivation of new khas hybrid clones. Indian Perfumer 26(2-4):54-61.

Sethi, K.L., M.L. Maheshwari, V.K. Srivastava, and R. Gupta. 1986. Natural variability in Vetiveria zizanioides collections from Bharatpur Part I. Indian Perfumer 30(2-3):377-380.

Sobti, S.N. and B.L. Rao. 1977. Cultivation and scope of improvement in vetiver. Pages 319-323 in C.K. Atal & B.M. Kapur, eds., Cultivation and Utilization of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants. Regional Research Laboratory, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research, Jammu-Tawi, India.

Virmani, O.P. and S.C. Data. 1975. Vetiveria zizanioides (Linn.) Nash. Indian Perfumer 19:35-73.

BOTANY, AGRONOMY, ECOLOGY, FLORAS, GENERAL

Adam, J.C. 1954. Note sur les graminees fourrageres de la presqu'ile du Cap Vert [Senegal]: observations et reuseignements sur leur repartition, ecologie et valuer forragere. Rev. Elev. 7 [Paris].

Adam, J.C. 1958. Principales graminees naturelles forrageres de l'Afrique Occidentale ayant in interet economique pour l'alimentation du betail. Notes Africaines. Bull. d'Inform. et de Correspondence de l'Instit., Fran�ais d'Afrique Noir 80.

Allan, J.A. 1957. The Grasses of Barbados. Her Majesty's Stationer's Office, London.

Allen, C.M. 1980. Grasses of Louisiana. University of Southwestern Louisiana, Lafayette, Louisiana 70804.

Baumer, M.C. 1975. Catalogue des plantes utiles du Kordofan (Rep. du Soudan) particulierement du pont de vue pastoral. J. d'Agric. Tropical et de Bot. Applique: Travaus d'Ethnobotanique et d'Ethnozoologie 22:4-6.

Bibhas, Ray, S.B.D. Agarwala, and C.J. Fridrickson. 1975. Control of perennial grasses in forestlands with application of herbicides. Indian Forester September:533-538. {CK}

Blake, S.T. 1944. Monographic studies in the Australian Andropogoneae, Part 1. University of Queensland Papers (Department of Biology) II(3):18-24.

Camus, A. 1921. Les Androponon�es odorantes des regions tropicales. Revue de Botanique applique et d'Agriculture Coloniale 1:270-306.

Clark, L.G. and J.B. Fisher. 1987. Vegetative morphology of grasses: shoots and roots. Pages 37-45 in Soderstrom, T.R., ed., Grass Systematics and Evolution. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington.

Clayton, W.D. (R.M. Polhill, ed.). 1982. Flora of Tropical East Africa (Part 3). Balkema, Rotterdam.

Clayton, W.D. and S.A. Renvoize. 1986. Genera Graminum. Grasses of the World. Kew Bulletin Additional Series XII. H.M. Stationery Office, London.

Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR). 1976. Vetiveria. Pages 451-457 in The Wealth of India, Vol. X. Publications & Information Directorate, CSIR, New Delhi.

Dalziel, J.M. 1937. Useful Plants of West Tropical Africa. Crown Agents for the Colonies, London.

Diarra, N. 1977. Quelques plantes vendues sur les marches de Bamako. J. d'Agric. Tropical et de Bot. Applique: Travaus d'Ethnobotanique et d'Ethnozoologie 24(1).

Elatler, E. and C. McCann. 1928. Revision of the flora of the Bombay Presidency. Gramineae. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 32:408-410.

Ferry, M.P., M. Gessain, and R. Gessain. 1974. Ethno-botanique Tenda. Documents du Centre de Recherches Anthropologiques du Mussee de l'Homme, Paris.

Foster, J.A. 1981. Regulation of plant germplasm imported into the United States. EPPO Bulletin 11(3):155-162. (and related grass regulations)

Gilliland, H.B. 1971. A Revised Flora of Malaya Volume III. Grasses of Malaya. Singapore Botanic Gardens, Singapore.

Gottlieb, O.R. and A. Iachan. 1951. O vetiver do Brasil. Anais Associa��o Brasileiro de Qu�mica 10:403-415.

Gould, F.W. and C.A. Clark. 1983. Grass Systematics. 2nd edition. Texas A&M University Press, College Station, Texas.

Henty, E.E. 1969. A Manual of Grasses of New Guinea. Division of Botany, Department of Forests, Lae, New Guinea.

Hitchcock, A.S. (revised by A. Chase ).1950. Manual of Grasses of the United States. 2nd ed. USDA Miscellaneous Publication No. 200. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington.

Hitchcock, A.S. and A. Chase. 1917. Grasses of the West Indies. Contributions from the United States National Herbarium Volume 18, Part 7. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington.

Holland, J.H. 1922. Useful Plants of Nigeria, Part 4. Kew Bulletin Additional Series IX. H.M. Stationery Office, London.

Hooker, J.D. 1975. Flora of British India. Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh, Dehra Dun, India.

Hutchinson, J. and J.M. Dalziel, eds. (revised by F.N. Hepper). 1972. Flora of West Tropical Africa Volume III, Part 2. {publisher HMSO?}

Innes, R.R. 1977. A Manual of Ghana Grasses. Land Resources Division, Ministry of Overseas Development, Surbiton, England.

Lazarides, M. 1980. The Tropical Grasses of Southeast Asia. J. Cramer, Vaduz.

Mabberley, D.J. 1989. The plant-book: A portable dictionary of the higher plants. Reprinted with corrections, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.

Meredith, D., ed. 1955. The Grasses and Pastures of South Africa. Central News Agency, Cape Town.

Needham, J. 1984. Vetiver. Page 126 in Bray, F., Science and Civilisation in China, Volume 6 Part II: Agriculture. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.

Oommachan, M. n.d. The Flora of Bhopal (Angiosperms). J.K. Jain Brothers, Bhopal.

Parham, J.W. 1955. The Grasses of Fiji. Fiji Government Press, Suva.

Pohl, R.W. 1980. Flora Costaricensis, Family 15, Gramineae. Fieldiana Botany, New Series No. 4. Field Museum, Chicago.

Raponda-Walker, A. and R. Sillans. 1961. Les plantes Utiles du Gabon. Editions Paul Lechevalier, Paris.

Rattray, J.M. 1960. The Grass Cover of Africa. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome.

Rodin, R.J. 1985. Ethnobotany of the Kwanyama Ovambos. Missouri Botanical Gardens, St. Louis.

Sethi, K.L., V. Chandra, and A. Singh. 1976. Adaptability of vetiver hybrid clones to saline-alkali soils. Pages 166-169 in Proceedings of Second Workshop on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants. Gujarat Agricultural University, Anand, India.

Shanthamma, C. and K.N. Narayana. 1976-77. Studies in Poaceae (Gramineae). Journal of Mysore University Section B 27:302-305.

Singh, B. and K.S. Sankhala. 1957. From khas roots to rooh khas. Indian Forester 83(5):302-306.

Singh, U.N. and R.S. Ambasht. 1975. Biotic stress and variability in structure and organic (net primary) production of grassland communities at Baranasi, India. Tropical Ecology 16:86-95.

Singh, U.N. and R.S. Ambasht. 1975. Relationships among diversity, dominance, stability and net production in an Indian grassland. Indian Journal of Ecology 2(2):110-114.

Singh, U.N. and R.S. Ambasht. 1980. Floristic composition and phytosociological analysis of three grass stands in Naugarh Forest of Varanasi Division. Indian Journal of Forestry 3(2):143-147.

Singh, U.N. and R.S. Ambasht. 1981. Certain correlation studies in Heteropogon and Vetiveria grass stands on Vindhyan Hills. Acta Botanica India 9:20-23.

Sreedharan, A. and K. Chandrasekharan Nair. 1975. Effect of fertilizers on the yield of root and oil of vetiver, Vetiveria zizanioides. Agricultural Research Journal of Karala 13(2):197-198.

Trochain, J. 1940. Contribution a l'�tude de la vegetation du S�n�gal. Memoires de l'Institut Fran�ais d'Afrique Noir.

Watson, L. and M.J. Dallwitz. 1988. Grass Genera of the World (with microfiche and data disks). Australian National University Printing Service, Canberra.

MISCELLANEOUS, OBSCURE, OBSOLETE

Egli, S. and I. K�lin. 1989. The root window--a technique for observing mycorrhizae on living trees. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment 28:107-110.

Materne, M., and C. Schexnayder. 1992. Excerpts from minutes on the Work Group on Grass Hedges (cum Vegetative Barriers) for Erosion Control at Oxford, Mississippi. December 1992. Copies available from the Vetiver Network.

Mennon, {?} & {?} Ittyachan. 1945. Survey of Indian Vetiver (Khus) and its Oil. CSIR Monograph. Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), New Delhi. {citation incomplete; TK}

Vetivert Essential Oil Corp. (Early 1900s). History of Vetiver [in Louisiana, USA]. Copies available from the Vetiver Network.

Gupta, R.S., K.C. Trivedi, S. Verma, and S.K. Gangrade. 1983. Vetiver hybrid clones. Perfumer & Flavorist