The following bibliography is divided into six topical areas:
Primary References on the Vetiver System;
General References on Vetiver;
Soil and Water Management;
Genetics, Breeding, Chemistry;
Botany, Agronomy, Ecology, Floras;
Miscellaneous, Obscure, Obsolete.
PRIMARY REFERENCES ON THE VETIVER SYSTEM
Greenfield, J.C. 1989. Vetiver Grass (Vetiveria spp.): The Ideal Plant for
Vegetative Soil and Moisture Conservation. Asia Technical Department, Agriculture
Division, The World Bank, Washington.
Grimshaw, R.G. 1994. The Role of Vetiver Grass in Sustaining Agricultural Productivity.
Asia Technical Department, The World Bank, Washington. {CK citation}
National Research Council. 1993. Vetiver Grass: A Thin Green Line Against Erosion.
National Academy Press, Washington.
World Bank. 1993. Vetiver Grass: The Hedge Against Erosion. 4th ed. The World Bank,
Washington.
Yoon, P.K. 1992. The Use of Vegetative Conservation for Embankment Stabilisation in
Bangladesh. The World Bank, Washington.
Yoon, P.K. 1993. A Look See at Vetiver in Malaysia: A Second Progress Report. Asia
Technical Department, The World Bank, Washington.
GENERAL REFERENCES ON VETIVER
Arctander, S. 1960. Vetiver. Columns 649-653 in Perfume and Flavour Materials of
Natural Origin. Elizabeth, New Jersey. Published by the author; printed by Det
Hoffensbergske Etablissement, Denmark.
Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR). 1976. Vetiveria. Pages 451-457 in The
Wealth of India, Vol. X. Publications & Information Directorate, CSIR, New Delhi.
Kammathy, R.V. 1968. Anatomy of Vetiveria zizanioides (L.) Nash. Bulletin
of the Botanical Survey of India 10(3&4):283-285.
Virmani, O.P. and S.C. Data. 1975. Vetiveria zizanioides (Linn.) Nash. Indian
Perfumer 19:35-73.
SOIL AND WATER MANAGEMENT
Bharad, G.M. and B.C. Bathkal. 1990. Role of vetiver grass in soil and moisture
conservation. In Proceedings of The Colloquium on the Use of Vetiver for Sediment
Control. April 25, 1990. Watershed Management Directorate, Dehra Dun, India.
Doolette, J., and W.B. Magrath. 1990. A Strategy for Watershed Development in Asia.
Asia Technical Department, The World Bank, Washington.
Greenfield, J.C. 1987. Vetiver Grass (Vetiveria zizanioides). A Method of Soil
and Moisture Conservation. 1st ed. The World Bank, New Delhi.
Greenfield, J.C. 1988. Vetiver Grass (Vetiveria zizanioides). A Method of Soil
and Moisture Conservation. 2nd ed. The World Bank, New Delhi.
Greenfield, J.C. 1989. Novel grass provides hedge against erosion. VITA News
July:14-15.
Grimshaw, R.G. 1989. New approaches to soil conservation. Rainfed Agriculture in Asia
and the Pacific 1(1):67-75.
Grimshaw, R.G. 1991. The establishment of Vetiveria zizanioides in low rainfall
areas. Desertified Grasslands: Their Biology and Management. Linnean Society
Symposium Series, London.
Grimshaw, R.G. 1993. Soil and Moisture Conservation in Central America, Vetiver Grass
Technology. Observations from visits to Panama, Costa Rica, Nicaragua, El Salvador,
Honduras, and Guatemala, July 4 -16 1993. Asia Technical Department, The World Bank,
Washington.
Grimshaw, R.G., C.J. Perry, and J.W. Smyle. 1993. Technical Considerations for
Sustainable Agriculture. Asia Technical Department, The World Bank, Washington.
Kerr, J.M. 1993. Economics of Soil and Water Conservation. Annual Report, 1992. Resource
Management Program, International Crops Research Institute for Semi-Arid Tropics,
Patancheru, Andhra Pradesh 502 234, India.
Ly Tung, and F.T. Balina. 1993. A methodological account of the introduction of vetiver
grass (Vetiveria zizanioides) to improve an indigenous technology for soil and
water conservation. Contour 5(1):{pp?}.
Magrath, W.B. 1990. Economic analysis of off-farm soil conservation structures. Pages in
71-96 in Watershed Development in Asia. Technical Paper No. 27, The World Bank,
Washington.
National Research Council. 1993. Vetiver Grass: A Thin Green Line Against Erosion.
National Academy Press, Washington.
Rao. K.P.C., A.L. Cogle, and K.L. Srivastava. 1992. Conservation Effects of Porous and
Vegetative Barriers. Annual Report 1991. Resource Management Program, International Crops
Research Institute for Semi-Arid Tropics, Patancheru.
Rao. K.P.C., Cogle, A.L., and K.L. Srivastava. 1993. Conservation Effects of Porous and
Vegetative Barriers. Annual Report 1992. Resource Management Program, International Crops
Research Institute for Semi-Arid Tropics, Patancheru.
Sivamohan, M.V.K., Scott, C.A., and M.F.Walter. 1993. Vetiver grass for soil and water
conservation: prospects and problems. In D. Pimentel, ed., World Soil Erosion and
Conservation. Cambridge Studies in Applied Ecology and Resource Management.
Smyle, J.W. and W.B. Magrath. 1990. Vetiver grass--a hedge against erosion. Paper
presented at the annual meeting of the American Society of Agronomy, October 2, 1990, San
Antonio, Texas.
Sobti, S.N. and B.L. Rao. 1977. Cultivation and scope of improvement in vetiver. Pages
319-323 in C.K. Atal and B.M. Kapur, eds., Cultivation and Utilization of Medicinal and
Aromatic Plants. Regional Research Laboratory, Council of Scientific & Industrial
Research, Jammu-Tawi, India.
Subramanya, S. and K.N.R. Sastry. 1989. Indigenous Knowledge about the Use of Vetiveria
zizanioides for Conserving Soil and Moisture. Unpublished paper, State Watershed
Development (SWDC), Podium Block, Visveswaraiah Centre, Bangalore 560 001, India.
Subramanya, S. and K.N.R. Sastry. 1990. Indian peasants have long used vetiver grass. ILEIA
Newsletter March:26.
World Bank. 1993. Vetiver Grass: The Hedge Against Erosion. 4th ed. The World Bank,
Washington.
Yoon, P.K. 1991. A Look-See at Vetiver Grass in Malaysia: First Progress Report.
Asia Technical Department, The World Bank, Washington.
�Yoon, P.K. 1992. The Use of Vegetative Conservation for Embankment Stabilisation in
Bangladesh. The World Bank, Washington.
Yoon, P.K. 1993. A Look See at Vetiver in Malaysia: A Second Progress Report. Asia
Technical Department, The World Bank, Washington.
York, P.A. 1993. Is there a role for vetiver grass on tobacco farms. Zimbabwe Tobacco
Association Magazine 2(6)(June).
Yudelman, M., J.C. Greenfield, and W.B.Magrath. 1990. New Vegetative Approaches to Soil
and Moisture Conservation. World Wildlife Fund, The Conservation Foundation,
Washington.
GENETICS, BREEDING, CHEMISTRY
Andersen, N.H. 1970. Biogenetic implications of the antipodal sesquiterpenes of vetiver
oil. Phytochemistry 9:145-151.
Arctander, S. 1960. Vetiver. Columns 649-653 in Perfume and Flavour Materials of
Natural Origin. Elizabeth, New Jersey. Published by the author; printed by Det
Hoffensbergske Etablissement, Denmark.
Audichya et al. 1971. [Title?] Indian Journal of Chemistry 9:188. {citation
incomplete; TK}
Bajpai, P.N., I. Singh, L.P. Tiwari, O.P. Chaturvedi, and J.P. Singh. n.d. Varietal
performance of khus (Vetiveria zizanioides Stapf.). The Punjab Horticultural
Journal n.v.:208-211.
Bhatwadekar, S.V., P.R. Pednekar, and K.K. Chakravarti. 1982. A survey of sesquiterpenoids
of vetiver oil. Pages 412-426 in C.K. Atal & B.M. Kapur, eds., Cultivation and
Utilization of Aromatic Plants. Regional Research Laboratory, Council of Scientific
& Industrial Research, Jammu-Tawi, India.
Burk, L.A. and M.D. Soffer. 1971. Stereospecific total synthesis of (-)-Y2-Cadinene. Tetrahedron
Letters 46:4367-4370.
Celarier, R.P. 1959. Cytotaxonomy of the Andropogoneae IV. Subtribe Sorgheae. Cytologia
24:285-303.
Gupta, R.S., K.C. Trivedi, S. Verma, and S.K. Gangrade. 1983. Vetiver hybrid clones. Perfumer
& Flavorist 8(June):41-43.
International Trade Centre. 1986. Essential oils and oleoresins: a study of selected
producers and major markets. International Trade Centre UNCTAD/GATT, Geneva.
Kirtany, J.K. and S.K. Paknikan. 1971. North Indian vetiver oils: comments on chemical
composition and botanical origin. Science and Culture 37(August):395-396.
Kresovich, Lamboy, Li Ruang, Jianping, Szewc-McFadden and Bliek. 1993. Application of
Molecular Diagnostics for Discrimination of Accessions and Clones of Vetiver Grass.
{citation incomplete; TK}
Kumar, S. 1962. Studies on Morphological and Genetic Variability in Vetiveria
zizanioides (Linn.) Nash. Masters Thesis, Post Graduate School, Indian Agricultural
Research Institute, New Delhi.
Lavania, U.C. 1985. Nuclear DNA and karyomorphological studies in vetiver (Vetiveria
zizanioides L.) Nash. Cytologia 50:177-185.
Manzoor-i-Khuda, M., M.O. Faruq, M. Rahman, M. Yusuf, M.A. Wahab, and J. Chowdhury. 1984.
Studies on the essential oil bearing plants of Bangladesh. Part 1. A preliminary survey of
some indigenous varieties. Bangladesh Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research
XIX(1-4):151-169.
Marinho de Moura, R., E.M. de Oliveira R�gis, and A. Marinho de Moura. 1990. Rea��es de
dez esp�cies de plantas, algumas produtoras de �leos essenciais, em rela��o ao
parasitismo de Meloidogyne incognita ra�a 1 e M. javanica, em
popula��o mista. Nematologia Brasileira 14:39-44.
Murti, K.S. and C.R. Moosad. 1949. South Indian vetiver root study. American Perfume
and Essential Oil Record 54:113-115.
Nair, E.V.G., N.P. Channamma, and R.P. Kumari. 1982. Review of the work done on vetiver (Vetiveria
zizanioides Linn.) at the Lemongrass Research Station, Odakkali. Pages 427-430 in
C.K. Atal and B.M. Kapur, eds., Cultivation and Utilization of Aromatic Plants.
Regional Research Laboratory, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Jammu-Tawi,
India.
Nair, E.V.G., K.C. Rajan, N.P. Chinnamma, and A. Kurian. 1983. Screening of different
vetiver hybrids under Kerala conditions. Indian Perfumer 27(2):88-90.
Punia, M.S., P.K. Verma, and G.D. Sharma. 1989. Heritability estimates and performance of
vetiver (Vetiveria zizanioides) hybrids. Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences
59(1):71-72.
Ramanujam, S. and S. Kumar. 1963. Correlation studies in two populations of Vetiveria.
Indian Journal of Genetics & Plant Breeding 23(1)(March):82-89.
Ramanujam, S. and S. Kumar. 1963. Irregular meiosis associated with pollen sterility in Vetiveria
zizanioides (Linn.) Nash. Cytologia 28:242-247.
Ramanujam, S. and S. Kumar. 1963. Multiple criteria selection in vetiver. Indian
Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding 23(July):176- 184.
Ramanujam, S. and S. Kumar. 1963. Preliminary studies on the mode of reproduction of Vetiveria
zizanioides (Linn.) Nash. Proceedings of the Indian Science Congress 50th session,
Agriculture Section, Delhi ["In press, 1963"].
Ramanujam, S. and S. Kumar. 1964. Metroglyph analysis of geographic complexes in Indian
vetiver. Indian Journal of Genetics & Plant Breeding 24:144-150.
Robbins, S.R.J. 1982. Selected Markets for the Essential Oils of Patchouli and Vetiver.
Paper G167. Tropical Products Institute, London.
Sethi, K.L. and R. Gupta. 1980. Breeding for high essential oil content in khas (Vetiveria
zizanioides) roots. Indian Perfumer 24(2):72-78.
Sethi, K.L. 1982. Breeding and cultivation of new khas hybrid clones. Indian Perfumer
26(2-4):54-61.
Sethi, K.L., M.L. Maheshwari, V.K. Srivastava, and R. Gupta. 1986. Natural variability in Vetiveria
zizanioides collections from Bharatpur Part I. Indian Perfumer 30(2-3):377-380.
Sobti, S.N. and B.L. Rao. 1977. Cultivation and scope of improvement in vetiver. Pages
319-323 in C.K. Atal & B.M. Kapur, eds., Cultivation and Utilization of Medicinal
and Aromatic Plants. Regional Research Laboratory, Council of Scientific &
Industrial Research, Jammu-Tawi, India.
Virmani, O.P. and S.C. Data. 1975. Vetiveria zizanioides (Linn.) Nash. Indian
Perfumer 19:35-73.
BOTANY, AGRONOMY, ECOLOGY, FLORAS, GENERAL
Adam, J.C. 1954. Note sur les graminees fourrageres de la presqu'ile du Cap Vert
[Senegal]: observations et reuseignements sur leur repartition, ecologie et valuer
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Adam, J.C. 1958. Principales graminees naturelles forrageres de l'Afrique Occidentale
ayant in interet economique pour l'alimentation du betail. Notes Africaines. Bull.
d'Inform. et de Correspondence de l'Instit., Fran�ais d'Afrique Noir 80.
Allan, J.A. 1957. The Grasses of Barbados. Her Majesty's Stationer's Office,
London.
Allen, C.M. 1980. Grasses of Louisiana. University of Southwestern Louisiana,
Lafayette, Louisiana 70804.
Baumer, M.C. 1975. Catalogue des plantes utiles du Kordofan (Rep. du Soudan)
particulierement du pont de vue pastoral. J. d'Agric. Tropical et de Bot. Applique:
Travaus d'Ethnobotanique et d'Ethnozoologie 22:4-6.
Bibhas, Ray, S.B.D. Agarwala, and C.J. Fridrickson. 1975. Control of perennial grasses in
forestlands with application of herbicides. Indian Forester September:533-538. {CK}
Blake, S.T. 1944. Monographic studies in the Australian Andropogoneae, Part 1. University
of Queensland Papers (Department of Biology) II(3):18-24.
Camus, A. 1921. Les Androponon�es odorantes des regions tropicales. Revue de Botanique
applique et d'Agriculture Coloniale 1:270-306.
Clark, L.G. and J.B. Fisher. 1987. Vegetative morphology of grasses: shoots and roots.
Pages 37-45 in Soderstrom, T.R., ed., Grass Systematics and Evolution. Smithsonian
Institution Press, Washington.
Clayton, W.D. (R.M. Polhill, ed.). 1982. Flora of Tropical East Africa (Part 3).
Balkema, Rotterdam.
Clayton, W.D. and S.A. Renvoize. 1986. Genera Graminum. Grasses of the World. Kew
Bulletin Additional Series XII. H.M. Stationery Office, London.
Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR). 1976. Vetiveria. Pages 451-457 in The
Wealth of India, Vol. X. Publications & Information Directorate, CSIR, New Delhi.
Dalziel, J.M. 1937. Useful Plants of West Tropical Africa. Crown Agents for the
Colonies, London.
Diarra, N. 1977. Quelques plantes vendues sur les marches de Bamako. J. d'Agric.
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Ferry, M.P., M. Gessain, and R. Gessain. 1974. Ethno-botanique Tenda. Documents du
Centre de Recherches Anthropologiques du Mussee de l'Homme, Paris.
Foster, J.A. 1981. Regulation of plant germplasm imported into the United States. EPPO
Bulletin 11(3):155-162. (and related grass regulations)
Gilliland, H.B. 1971. A Revised Flora of Malaya Volume III. Grasses of Malaya.
Singapore Botanic Gardens, Singapore.
Gottlieb, O.R. and A. Iachan. 1951. O vetiver do Brasil. Anais Associa��o Brasileiro
de Qu�mica 10:403-415.
Gould, F.W. and C.A. Clark. 1983. Grass Systematics. 2nd edition. Texas A&M
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Henty, E.E. 1969. A Manual of Grasses of New Guinea. Division of Botany, Department
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Hitchcock, A.S. (revised by A. Chase ).1950. Manual of Grasses of the United States.
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Lazarides, M. 1980. The Tropical Grasses of Southeast Asia. J. Cramer, Vaduz.
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Meredith, D., ed. 1955. The Grasses and Pastures of South Africa. Central News
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Needham, J. 1984. Vetiver. Page 126 in Bray, F., Science and Civilisation in China,
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Oommachan, M. n.d. The Flora of Bhopal (Angiosperms). J.K. Jain Brothers, Bhopal.
Parham, J.W. 1955. The Grasses of Fiji. Fiji Government Press, Suva.
Pohl, R.W. 1980. Flora Costaricensis, Family 15, Gramineae. Fieldiana Botany, New
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Raponda-Walker, A. and R. Sillans. 1961. Les plantes Utiles du Gabon. Editions Paul
Lechevalier, Paris.
Rattray, J.M. 1960. The Grass Cover of Africa. Food and Agriculture Organization of
the United Nations, Rome.
Rodin, R.J. 1985. Ethnobotany of the Kwanyama Ovambos. Missouri Botanical Gardens,
St. Louis.
Sethi, K.L., V. Chandra, and A. Singh. 1976. Adaptability of vetiver hybrid clones to
saline-alkali soils. Pages 166-169 in Proceedings of Second Workshop on Medicinal and
Aromatic Plants. Gujarat Agricultural University, Anand, India.
Shanthamma, C. and K.N. Narayana. 1976-77. Studies in Poaceae (Gramineae). Journal of
Mysore University Section B 27:302-305.
Singh, B. and K.S. Sankhala. 1957. From khas roots to rooh khas. Indian Forester
83(5):302-306.
Singh, U.N. and R.S. Ambasht. 1975. Biotic stress and variability in structure and organic
(net primary) production of grassland communities at Baranasi, India. Tropical Ecology
16:86-95.
Singh, U.N. and R.S. Ambasht. 1975. Relationships among diversity, dominance, stability
and net production in an Indian grassland. Indian Journal of Ecology 2(2):110-114.
Singh, U.N. and R.S. Ambasht. 1980. Floristic composition and phytosociological analysis
of three grass stands in Naugarh Forest of Varanasi Division. Indian Journal of
Forestry 3(2):143-147.
Singh, U.N. and R.S. Ambasht. 1981. Certain correlation studies in Heteropogon and Vetiveria
grass stands on Vindhyan Hills. Acta Botanica India 9:20-23.
Sreedharan, A. and K. Chandrasekharan Nair. 1975. Effect of fertilizers on the yield of
root and oil of vetiver, Vetiveria zizanioides. Agricultural Research Journal of
Karala 13(2):197-198.
Trochain, J. 1940. Contribution a l'�tude de la vegetation du S�n�gal. Memoires de
l'Institut Fran�ais d'Afrique Noir.
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data disks). Australian National University Printing Service, Canberra.
MISCELLANEOUS, OBSCURE, OBSOLETE
Egli, S. and I. K�lin. 1989. The root window--a technique for observing mycorrhizae on
living trees. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment 28:107-110.
Materne, M., and C. Schexnayder. 1992. Excerpts from minutes on the Work Group on Grass
Hedges (cum Vegetative Barriers) for Erosion Control at Oxford, Mississippi. December
1992. Copies available from the Vetiver Network.
Mennon, {?} & {?} Ittyachan. 1945. Survey of Indian Vetiver (Khus) and its Oil.
CSIR Monograph. Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), New Delhi. {citation
incomplete; TK}
Vetivert Essential Oil Corp. (Early 1900s). History of Vetiver [in Louisiana, USA].
Copies available from the Vetiver Network.
Gupta, R.S., K.C. Trivedi, S. Verma, and S.K. Gangrade. 1983. Vetiver hybrid clones. Perfumer
& Flavorist